Born Hazelton, North Dakota January 25, 1922. He married in 1948 and has 3 children. He has a B.A. in History from Luther College in 1949, an M.A. from the State Univ. of Iowa in Ph.D. in History in 1956. He had a Fulbright. fellowship to the Univ. of Marburg, Ger. in 1953-54. Instructor of history at Luther College, 1950-1951 and 1953-1959; at Hamboldt State College, Arcata, Calif. 1959-1962 Assist. prof., 1962-1966 Assoc. prot., prof. starting in 1966. On May 24, 1987 he received an Honorary Doctor of Letters degree from Luther College.

graduated from Luther College, 1949; taught history at Luther from 1959-1962.